Penggunaan Media Sosial Instagram dalam Komunikasi Bencana Kesiapsiagaan Erupsi Gunung Merapi
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37535/103004220235Keywords:
bencana, bpptkg, gunung merapi, Instagram, komunikasiAbstract
ABSTRAK
Salah satu gunung berapi yang memiliki potensi bencana adalah Gunung Merapi, gunung paling aktif di Indonesia yang memiliki periode letusan pendek. Dengan karakteristik ini, masyarakat sekitar, pemerintah, dan lembaga terkait perlu meningkatkan kewaspadaan dan kesiapsiagaan untuk meminimalisir dampak buruk dari erupsi Gunung Merapi. Komunikasi tidak hanya dibutuhkan pada saat kondisi darurat bencana tetapi pada saat pra bencana. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana komunikasi bencana melalui media sosial Instagram @bpptkg dalam menigkatkan kewaspadaan dan kesiapsiagaan masyarakat yang tinggal di daerah rawan bencana Gunung Merapi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis isi kualitatif. Objek penelitian ini adalah materi postingan Instagram @bpptkg selama 1 Januari hingga 31 Juli 2024. Unit analisis yang digunakan adalah isi dari postingan di akun tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukan Lembaga BPPTKG konsisten mengunggah konten komunikasi bencana dalam kategori: Laporan Aktivitas Gunung Merapi, Risiko Bencana, Video Awan Panas Gunung Merapi, Kondisi Puncak, Edukasi, dan Aktivitas Lembaga BPPTKG. Penelitian ini menggunakan Teori Dependensi Media oleh Sandra Ball-Rokeach dan Melvin DeFleur. Instagram memungkinkan BPPTKG untuk menyampaikan informasi terkini tentang status vulkanik, peringatan, dan langkah-langkah evakuasi dengan cara yang mudah diakses. Interaksi langsung melalui komentar dan pesan pribadi memungkinkan BPPTKG untuk merespons pertanyaan dan kekhawatiran masyarakat secara efektif, yang memperkuat hubungan komunikasi. Saran dari penelitian ini, BPPTKG dapat meningkatkan konten terkait edukasi untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan masyarakat mengenai bencana alam dan melakukan kolaborasi dengan media lokal agar dapat menjangkau masyarakat yang lebih luas.
Kata kunci: bencana; bpptkg; gunung merapi; Instagram; komunikasi
ABSTRACT
One of the volcanoes that has potential disaster is Mount Merapi, the most active mountain in Indonesia that has a short eruption period. With these characteristics, the community, government, and related institutions need to increase vigilance and preparedness to minimize the adverse impact of Mount Merapi’s eruption. Communication is not only needed during disaster emergencies but also in pre-disaster times. This study aims to find out how disaster communication through Instagram @bpptkg social media in increasing the vigilance and preparedness of people living in disaster-prone areas of Mount Merapi. This study uses a qualitative content analysis method. The material objects in this study include Instagram posts @bpptkg from January 1 to July 31, 2024. The unit of analysis used is the content of the posts on the account. The results of the study show that the BPPTKG Institution consistently uploads disaster communication content in the following categories: Mount Merapi Activity Report, Disaster Risk, Mount Merapi Hot Cloud Video, Peak Conditions, Education, and BPPTKG Institution Activities. This study uses Media Dependency Theory by Sandra Ball-Rokeach and Melvin DeFleur. Instagram allows BPPTKG to convey up-to-date information on volcanic status, warnings, and evacuation measures in an easily accessible manner. Direct interaction through comments and private messages allows BPPTKG to respond to people's questions and concerns effectively, which strengthens communication relationships. The suggestion from this research is that BPPTKG can improve content related to education to increase public knowledge about natural disasters and collaborate with local media to reach a wider community.
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